Italy

Overall, Italy has a well-developed system of diabetes care, with numerous
diabetes centres throughout the country and treatment free at the point of
delivery. People living with diabetes (PwD) have access, with no out-ofpocket
expenditure, to all the medicines, devices, and medical services they
need.

While the National Diabetes Plan defines priorities and provides guidelines
to improve the quality of diabetes care, with a patient-centred focus, the
regional and local authorities are responsible for its implementation which
varies greatly among the 20 regions.

The framework for e-health services is not yet fully developed, with many
remote services being delivered on a voluntary basis/during COVID-19 only.

There are no official diabetes specialist nurses in Italy, but many diabetes
centres have dedicated nurses who undergo specific training on diabetes
management.